Whether you’re a seasoned hunter, a competitive shooter, or just looking for a reliable home defense option, choosing the right shotgun can make all the difference. With so many types to choose from, it’s easy to feel overwhelmed. But don’t worry, finding the perfect shotgun doesn’t have to be complicated.
The main types of shotguns include pump action, semi-automatic, break action, lever-action, single-barrel, bolt-action, and side-by-side shotguns. Each type has unique features and benefits that cater to different shooting preferences and purposes.
The Main Types of Shotguns
Shotguns come in a variety of types, each designed to serve specific purposes and preferences. Whether you're a hunter, a sports shooter, or someone in need of a reliable firearm for home defense, understanding the different types of shotguns is essential. In this section, we’ll explore the key characteristics, features, and common uses of some of the most popular shotguns, from pump action to semi-automatic shotguns, and everything in between.
Pump Action Shotguns
The pump action shotgun is one of the most popular and versatile types of shotguns in use today. It is often used for home defense, hunting, and law enforcement due to its reliability and ease of use. The pump shotgun operates by manually cycling the action to eject a spent shell and load a new round into the chamber.
Key Features
- Tubular magazine for multiple rounds, typically holding 4-6 shells
- Short-barreled shotgun models are available for more maneuverability in close quarters
- Magazine tube for quick reloading and a reliable feed system
- Variable barrel length for different applications, from shorter barrels for home defense to longer barrels for hunting
- Manual action, since there’s nothing quite like the pump shotgun
- This style is stereotypically used in Hollywood movies, giving it a nostalgic feel
Applications
The pump action shotgun is ideal for home defense, law enforcement, and military use due to its reliability. It's also popular for bird hunting, turkey hunting, and small game pursuits, as well as clay target shooting where quick follow-ups are needed.
Semi-Automatic Shotguns
A semi-automatic shotgun is designed to automatically cycle the action after each shot, loading the next shell into the chamber without manual intervention. This type of shotgun is especially useful for quick follow-up shots, making it ideal for competitive shooting and hunting scenarios.
Key Features
- Magazine tube or detachable magazine for feeding shells
- Faster firing rate compared to pump action shotguns
- Available in various barrel lengths to suit different needs
Applications
Semi-auto shotguns are commonly used in waterfowl hunting, clay target shooting, and home defense. Their quick cycling makes them ideal for rapid fire scenarios, whether you're hunting small game or engaging in competitive shooting.
Break Action Shotguns
A break action shotgun is a single- or double-barrel shotgun that opens up like a hinge to load and unload shells. This type of shotgun is simple to use and is often favored for its compact design and reliable performance.
Key Features
- Single-barrel or double barrel shotgun configurations available
- Break action mechanism for easy reloading
- Typically features a shorter barrel for compact use
Applications
The break action shotgun is favored for small game and bird hunting, including game birds like pheasant. It's also used in recreational target shooting and larger game hunts, where simplicity and reliability are key.
Lever-Action Shotguns
The lever-action shotgun operates by cycling a lever to load the next round. Although less common than pump action or semi-auto shotguns, it offers a unique shooting experience and is valued for its rugged construction and distinct style.
Key Features
- Lever action allows for quick cycling of rounds
- Typically designed with a longer barrel for greater accuracy
- A magazine tube holds multiple rounds, depending on the model
- Often features unique design elements like engraved receivers or classic styling
Applications
Lever-action shotguns are used for small game and bird hunting, especially in rugged environments. They also have a place in historical reenactments, turkey hunting, and recreational shooting.
Single-Barrel Shotguns
The single-barrel shotgun is the simplest type of shotgun, featuring one barrel for firing. Often lightweight and easy to carry, these shotguns are ideal for those looking for a straightforward shooting experience.
Key Features
- Single-shot shotguns require reloading after every shot, providing a more deliberate shooting experience
- Typically come with a longer barrel for accuracy
- Often used with a wide variety of shotgun shells, from birdshot to sabot slug for larger game
Applications
The single-barrel shotgun is commonly used for small game and whitetail deer hunting. It’s also popular in trap shooting and other competitive shooting sports where accuracy is essential.
Bolt Action Shotguns
A bolt-action shotgun operates similarly to bolt-action rifles, requiring the shooter to manually cycle the bolt to chamber a new round. While not as popular as other shotgun types, the bolt-action shotgun offers precision and reliability.
Key Features
- Bolt action mechanism for precise control over each shot
- Barrel lengths vary, with longer barrels typically favored for accuracy
- Compatible with various shotgun shells, including slug ammunition for larger game
Applications
Bolt-action shotguns offer precision for bird hunting and larger game hunting, particularly with sabot slugs. They are also used in long-range shooting.
Side-by-Side Shotguns
Side-by-side shotguns feature two barrels placed next to each other, allowing for a classic shooting experience. Known for their elegant design, these shotguns are often favored by traditional hunters and collectors.
Key Features
- Double barrel shotgun configuration with two barrels side by side
- Offers a shorter barrel for maneuverability
- Commonly features choke tubes for adjusting shot spread
- Typically used with shotgun ammo designed for double-barrel operation
Applications
Side-by-side shotguns excel in bird hunting, turkey hunting, and small game hunts. Their double barrel configuration makes them ideal for quick follow-up shots, and they are also popular in sporting competitions.
Choosing The Right Shotgun For You
Selecting the right shotgun depends on your experience, intended use, and budget. Here’s a quick breakdown to help guide your decision:
General Pros and Cons
- Pump Action: Reliable and versatile, great for home defense and hunting. However, it requires manual cycling between shots.
- Semi-Automatic: Fast follow-up shots for waterfowl and competitive shooting. Can be prone to malfunctions and is usually pricier.
- Break Action: Simple and easy to maintain, ideal for small game and bird hunting. Limited to one or two shots before reloading.
- Lever-Action: Unique shooting experience, but slower firing speed and lower capacity.
- Single-Barrel: Affordable and simple for beginners, but only one shot before reloading.
- Bolt-Action: Accurate and reliable, but slower to operate, not ideal for fast-paced situations.
New vs. Experienced Users
For beginners, pump action or single-barrel shotguns are great, offering simplicity and manageable recoil. More experienced users might prefer semi-autos or break action shotguns for added speed and precision.
Price vs. Quality
Affordable options like pump actions or single-barrels are great for beginners. Semi-automatic and lever-action shotguns tend to be pricier but offer better performance and durability for regular use.
Additional Considerations
Think about barrel length, weight, and ergonomics. A shorter barrel is better for home defense, while a longer barrel suits hunting and accuracy. Consider the shotgun ammo compatibility and whether you’ll be using it for clay targets, big game, or self-defense.
Get Your Next Shotgun at Gunprime
Looking for a new shotgun? Gunprime offers an extensive selection of shotguns from the most trusted brands, covering all the popular types, from pump action shotguns to semi-automatic shotguns and everything in between. Whether you're looking for a pump shotgun for home defense, a break action shotgun for hunting, or a lever-action shotgun for a classic experience, we've got you covered. Our collection includes a wide range of barrel lengths and other features, ensuring you find the shotgun that fits your exact needs.
At Gunprime, we pride ourselves on offering top-quality firearms at competitive prices, backed by reliable service and fast shipping. Whether you're an experienced hunter, competitive shooter, or new to the world of shotguns, we have the perfect firearm for you.
Try Gunprime today and explore our full selection to find your next shotgun with ease!
